Keypoints
- Spikes in exploit attempts targeted Kaswara Modern VC Addons (<= 3.0.1) and Adning Advertising (<= 1.5.5) plugins, with firewall rules already in place for Wordfence users.
- The holiday/ weekend timing suggests attackers exploit when site admins are less attentive.
- During the spikes, 1,969,494 Kaswara sites and 1,075,458 Adning sites were observed hitting these vulnerabilities, far above normal block volumes.
- The Kaswara vulnerability allows unauthenticated arbitrary file uploads, enabling PHP uploads and remote code execution on vulnerable WordPress sites.
- The Adning vulnerability includes unauthenticated file upload and unauthenticated file deletion (potentially deleting wp-config.php), leading to full site compromise.
- At disclosure, Kaswara affected about 8,000 WordPress users; Adning affected about 680 users; both plugins remained unpatched or only partially patched in some cases.
- Recommendation: keep all website components up to date and consider a Web Application Firewall to block exploits; remove Kaswara if still installed and upgrade Adning.
MITRE Techniques
- [T1190] Exploitation of Public-Facing Application β Attackers exploit an unpatched plugin vulnerability to upload files and potentially achieve remote code execution. Quote: ββ¦could ultimately lead to a full site takeover due to the fact that the ability to upload PHP files to servers hosting WordPress makes remote code execution possible.β
- [T1485] Data Destruction β An unauthenticated arbitrary file deletion vulnerability could be used to destroy critical files (e.g., deleting wp-config.php) and compromise the site. Quote: ββ¦an unauthenticated arbitrary file deletion vulnerability that could just as easily be used for complete site compromise by deleting the wp-config.php file.β
Indicators of Compromise
- [IP] Kaswara top ten IPs β 40.87.107.73, 65.109.128.42, and 8 more
- [IP] Adning top ten IPs β 65.109.128.42, 65.108.251.64, and 8 more
- [Filename] Kaswara common uploaded filenames β a57bze8931.zip, bala.zip, and 3 more
- [Filename] wp-config.php β targeted/deleted in potential attacks (mentioned as a risk in the Adning vulnerability context)
- [User-Agent] Kaswara top user-agent strings β Mozlila/5.0 (Linux; Android 7.0; SM-G892A Build/NRD90M; wv) AppleWebKit/537.36β¦ Moblie Safari/537.36, Mozlila/5.0 (Linux; Android 7.0; SM-G892A Build/NRD90M; wv) AppleWebKit/537.36β¦ X-Middleton/1
- [User-Agent] Adning top user-agent strings β python-requests/2.28.1, Mozlila/5.0 (Linux; Android 7.0; SM-G892A Build/NRD90M; wv) AppleWebKit/537.36β¦
Read more: https://www.wordfence.com/blog/2022/12/spikes-in-attacks-serve-as-a-reminder-to-update-plugins/