Monitoring Rapid SCADA with Wazuh

Monitoring Rapid SCADA with Wazuh

Wazuh enhances the security of Rapid SCADA by providing malware detection, file integrity monitoring, log analysis, and vulnerability assessment tailored for SCADA environments. This integration enables real-time visibility into system changes, suspicious activities, and potential threats, helping protect critical industrial infrastructures. #Wazuh #RapidSCADA

Keypoints

  • Rapid SCADA is an open-source SCADA platform used for industrial automation, requiring robust security to protect against cyber threats and unauthorized access.
  • Wazuh supports SCADA by monitoring endpoints for malware, unauthorized configuration changes, and suspicious log activity using modules like File Integrity Monitoring (FIM) and Security Configuration Assessment (SCA).
  • Wazuh integrates signature-based and behavioral malware detection methods including YARA, VirusTotal, ClamAV, Windows Defender, and rootkit detection for layered protection on SCADA hosts.
  • Critical Rapid SCADA configuration directories and files are actively monitored in real time by Wazuh’s FIM module to detect unauthorized modifications or deletions.
  • Wazuh monitors various Rapid SCADA log files (ScadaServer.log, ScadaAgent.log, ScadaWeb.log, ScadaComm.log) to detect anomalies, authentication failures, and brute force attacks through custom decoders and alerting rules.
  • Custom rules are implemented on the Wazuh server to generate alerts on file modifications, user account manipulation, and multiple failed login attempts specific to Rapid SCADA environments.
  • Testing demonstrated Wazuh’s ability to detect configuration changes, user account manipulations, and brute force login attempts, highlighting its effectiveness in securing Rapid SCADA systems.

MITRE Techniques

  • [T1565.001] Data Manipulation – Used to detect changes to Rapid SCADA configuration files and user account files via file integrity monitoring (“Rapid SCADA: Configuration file modified”).
  • [T1070.004] File Deletion – Alerts triggered on deletion of Rapid SCADA configuration files and user account data (“Rapid SCADA: File deleted”).
  • [T1485] Data Destruction – Detected when Rapid SCADA configuration files are deleted, potentially indicating sabotage or malicious intent (“Rapid SCADA: Configuration file deleted”).
  • [T1098] Account Manipulation – Detection rules monitor creation, modification, and deletion of user.dat, role.dat, and roleref.dat files indicating user account changes (“Rapid SCADA: User account manipulation”).
  • [T1110] Brute Force – Identifies multiple failed login attempts against Rapid SCADA web interface, signaling potential brute force attacks (“Rapid SCADA: Brute force (multiple failed logins)”).

Indicators of Compromise

  • [File Paths] Rapid SCADA configuration and log directories – C:SCADAConfig, C:SCADAScadaServerConfig, C:SCADAScadaWebConfig, and log files like ScadaServer.log, ScadaAgent.log.
  • [File Names] Critical files monitored for integrity – config.xml, user.dat, role.dat, roleref.dat within SCADA directories indicating potential tampering.
  • [IP Addresses] Source IPs associated with Rapid SCADA log events – detected in failed login and brute force attempts extracted from logs.


Read more: https://wazuh.com/blog/monitoring-rapid-scada-with-wazuh/